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Greek Lessons
- From Jerusalem with Scrutiny: Fronting and Focus in Mark 7:1
- Speaking in Tongues in the Bible
- Grace Beyond Demand: Participles and Imperatives in a Kingdom Ethic
- Reverent Burial and Narrative Simplicity: A Koine and Classical Greek Comparison of Mark 6:29
- The Morning They Found It Razed: Perfect Participles and Sacred Surprises
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Category
Monthly Archives: November 2011
Mark 7:10 ; Exodus 20:12
Mark 7:10
μωσης γαρ ειπεν τιμα τον πατερα σου και την μητερα σου και ο κακολογων πατερα η μητερα θανατω τελευτατω
Mark 7:10 (KJV)For Moses said, Honour thy father and thy mother; and, Whoso curseth father or mother, let him die the death:
Exodus 20:12 (Septuagint)τίμα τὸν πατέρα σου καὶ τὴν μητέρα, ἵνα εὖ σοι γένηται, καὶ ἵνα μακροχρόνιος γένῃ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς τῆς ἀγαθῆς, ἧς κύριος ὁ θεός σου δίδωσίν σοι.
Exodus 20:12 (Brenton)Honour thy father and thy mother, that it may be well with thee, and that thou mayest live long on the good land, which the Lord thy God gives to thee.… Learn Koine Greek
Matthew 22:39 ; Leviticus 19:18
Matthew 22:39
δευτερα δε ομοια αυτη αγαπησεις τον πλησιον σου ως σεαυτον
Mat 22:39 (KJV)And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.
Leviticus 19:18 (Septuagint)καὶ οὐκ ἐκδικᾶταί σου ἡ χείρ, καὶ οὐ μηνιεῖς τοῖς υἱοῖς τοῦ λαοῦ σου καὶ ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν· ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος.
Lev 19:18 (Brenton)And thy hand shall not avenge thee; and thou shalt not be angry with the children of thy people; and thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself; I am the Lord.
Leviticus 19:18 (Masoretic)לא־תקם ולא־תטר את־בני עמך ואהבת לרעך כמוך אני יהוה׃
Lev 19:18 (KJV)Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the LORD.… Learn Koine Greek
Posted in OT Quotations In NT
Tagged Lev 19:18, Leviticus 19:18, Mat 22:39, Matthew 22:39
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Matthew 21:16 ; Psalm 8:3
Matthew 21:16
και ειπον αυτω ακουεις τι ουτοι λεγουσιν ο δε ιησους λεγει αυτοις ναι ουδεποτε ανεγνωτε οτι εκ στοματος νηπιων και θηλαζοντων κατηρτισω αινον
KJV And said unto him, Hearest thou what these say? And Jesus saith unto them, Yea; have ye never read, Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings thou hast perfected praise?
Psalm 8:3 (8:2) (Septuagint)ἐκ στόματος νηπίων καὶ θηλαζόντων κατηρτίσω αἶνον ἕνεκα τῶν ἐχθρῶν σου τοῦ καταλῦσαι ἐχθρὸν καὶ ἐκδικητήν .
Brenton Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast thou perfected praise, because of thine enemies; that thou mightest put down the enemy and avenger.… Learn Koine Greek
αἱρέομαι ; αἵρειν
αἱρέομαι; αἵρειν : (1) to take for oneself, to prefer, choose (2) to choose by vote, elect to office
Part of Speech: verb
Latin: (1) tollere (2) ferre
Syriac:
Matthew 4:6και λεγει αυτω ει υιος ει του θεου βαλε σεαυτον κατω γεγραπται γαρ οτι τοις αγγελοις αυτου εντελειται περι σου και επι χειρων αρουσιν σε μηποτε προσκοψης προς λιθον τον ποδα σου
KJV And saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down: for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.… Learn Koine Greek
Comparative Greek Analysis: Acts 11:11 in Koine vs. Classical Greek
Original Text (Acts 11:11)
Καὶ ἰδοὺ εὐθέως τρεῖς ἄνδρες ἐπέστησαν ἐπὶ τὴν οἰκίαν ἐν ᾗ ἦμεν, ἀπεσταλμένοι ἀπὸ Καισαρείας πρός με.
Literal English TranslationAnd behold, immediately three men stood near the house in which we were, having been sent from Caesarea to me.
Grammar and Syntax Analysis (Koine Greek) Καὶ ἰδοὺ – A vivid narrative marker common in Koine Greek, often used in the Gospels and Acts to dramatize a new event. The particle ἰδοὺ functions as a demonstrative exclamation (“behold!”) and draws the listener’s attention with almost theatrical effect. εὐθέως – An adverb meaning “immediately.” Typical of Koine preference for narrative urgency; Luke favors such adverbs to transition swiftly between scenes.… Learn Koine Greekαἶνος
αἶνος: (1) a saying, proverb (2) praise, laudatory discourse
Part of Speech: noun masculine
Latin: laus
Syriac: ܫܒܚ (praise, laud, glory)
Matthew 21:16και ειπον αυτω ακουεις τι ουτοι λεγουσιν ο δε ιησους λεγει αυτοις ναι ουδεποτε ανεγνωτε οτι εκ στοματος νηπιων και θηλαζοντων κατηρτισω αινον
KJV And said unto him, Hearest thou what these say? And Jesus saith unto them, Yea; have ye never read, Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings thou hast perfected praise?
Vulgate et dixerunt ei audis quid isti dicant Iesus autem dicit eis utique numquam legistis quia ex ore infantium et lactantium perfecisti laudem
Peshitta ܘܳܐܡܪܺܝܢ ܠܶܗ ܫܳܡܰܥ ܐܰܢ݈ܬ݁ ܡܳܢܳܐ ܐܳܡܪܺܝܢ ܗܳܠܶܝܢ ܐܳܡܰܪ ܠܗܽܘܢ ܝܶܫܽܘܥ ܐܺܝܢ ܡܶܢ ܡܬ݂ܽܘܡ ܠܳܐ ܩܪܰܝܬ݁ܽܘܢ ܕ݁ܡܶܢ ܦ݁ܽܘܡܳܐ ܕ݁ܰܛܠܳܝܶܐ ܘܰܕ݂ܝܰܠܽܘܕ݂ܶܐ ܬ݁ܰܩܶܢܬ݁ ܬ݁ܶܫܒ݁ܽܘܚܬ݁ܳܐ܂
ואמרין לה שמע אנת מנא אמרין הלין אמר להון ישוע אין מן מתום לא קריתון דמן פומא דטליא ודילודא תקנת תשבוחתא܂
Luke 18:43και παραχρημα ανεβλεψεν και ηκολουθει αυτω δοξαζων τον θεον και πας ο λαος ιδων εδωκεν αινον τω θεω
KJV And immediately he received his sight, and followed him, glorifying God: and all the people, when they saw it, gave praise unto God.… Learn Koine Greek
αἴνιγμα
αἴνιγμα: (1) an obscure saying, enigma, riddle (2) an obscure thing
Part of Speech: noun neuter
Latin: aenigma
Syriac: ܦܠܐܬܐ (parable, figure, similitude, comparison)
1 Corinthians 13:12βλεπομεν γαρ αρτι δι εσοπτρου εν αινιγματι τοτε δε προσωπον προς προσωπον αρτι γινωσκω εκ μερους τοτε δε επιγνωσομαι καθως και επεγνωσθην
KJV For now we see through a glass, darkly; but then face to face: now I know in part; but then shall I know even as also I am known.
Vulgate videmus nunc per speculum in enigmate tunc autem facie ad faciem nunc cognosco ex parte tunc autem cognoscam sicut et cognitus sum
Peshitta ܗܳܫܳܐ ܐܰܝܟ݂ ܕ݁ܰܒ݂ܡܰܚܙܺܝܬ݂ܳܐ ܚܳܙܶܝܢܰܢ ܒ݁ܦ݂ܶܠܶܐܬ݂ܳܐ ܗܳܝܕ݁ܶܝܢ ܕ݁ܶܝܢ ܐܰܦ݁ܺܝܢ ܠܽܘܩܒ݂ܰܠ ܐܰܦ݁ܺܝܢ ܗܳܫܳܐ ܝܳܕ݂ܰܥ ܐ݈ܢܳܐ ܩܰܠܺܝܠ ܡܶܢ ܣܰܓ݁ܺܝ ܗܳܝܕ݁ܶܝܢ ܕ݁ܶܝܢ ܐܶܕ݁ܰܥ ܐܰܝܟ݂ ܡܳܐ ܕ݁ܶܐܬ݂ܝܰܕ݂ܥܶܬ݂܂
השא איך דבמחזיתא חזינן בפלאתא הידין דין אפין לוקבל אפין השא ידע אנא קליל מן סגי הידין דין אדע איך מא דאתידעת܂… Learn Koine Greek
αἰνέω ; αἰνεῖν
αἰνέω ; αἰνεῖν: (1) to praise, extol, to sing praises in honour to God (2) to allow, recommend (3) to promise or vow
Part of Speech: verb
Latin: (1) laudare (2) collaudare (3) laudem dicere
Syriac: (1) ܫܒܚ (glorify, praise) (2) ܗܠ (praise)
Luke 2:13και εξαιφνης εγενετο συν τω αγγελω πληθος στρατιας ουρανιου αινουντων τον θεον και λεγοντων
KJV And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God, and saying,
Vulgate et subito facta est cum angelo multitudo militiae caelestis laudantium Deum et dicentium
Peshitta ܘܡܶܢ ܫܶܠܝ ܐܶܬ݂ܚܙܺܝܘ ܥܰܡ ܡܰܠܰܐܟ݂ܳܐ ܚܰܝܠܰܘܳܬ݂ܳܐ ܣܰܓ݁ܺܝܶܐܐ ܕ݁ܰܫܡܰܝܳܐ ܟ݁ܰܕ݂ ܡܫܰܒ݁ܚܺܝܢ ܠܰܐܠܳܗܳܐ ܘܳܐܡܪܺܝܢ܂
ומן שלי אתחזיו עם מלאכא חילותא סגיאא דשמיא כד משבחין לאלהא ואמרין
Luke 2:20και επεστρεψαν οι ποιμενες δοξαζοντες και αινουντες τον θεον επι πασιν οις ηκουσαν και ειδον καθως ελαληθη προς αυτους
KJV And the shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all the things that they had heard and seen, as it was told unto them.… Learn Koine Greek
Posted in Vocabulary
Tagged collaudare, conlaudantes, laudantes, laudantium, laudare, laudate, laudem, laudem dicere, αἰνεῖν, αινειτε, αἰνέω, αινουντες, αινουντων, ܗܠ, ܡܫܰܒ݁ܚܺܝܢ, ܫܒܚ
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Matthew 19:19 ; Leviticus 19:18
2. Old Testament Quotations In The New Testament
Matthew 19:19 ; Leviticus 19:18
Matthew 19:19τιμα τον πατερα σου και την μητερα και αγαπησεις τον πλησιον σου ως σεαυτον
Leviticus 19:18Septuagint (LXX) καὶ οὐκ ἐκδικᾶταί σου ἡ χείρ, καὶ οὐ μηνιεῖς τοῖς υἱοῖς τοῦ λαοῦ σου καὶ ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν· ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος.
ἑαυτόν in many manuscripts and the Aldine and Complutensian editions.
Masoretic לא־תקם ולא־תטר את־בני עמך ואהבת לרעך כמוך אני יהוה׃ … Learn Koine Greek
Posted in OT Quotations In NT
Tagged Leviticus 19:18, Mat 19:19 ; Lev 19:18, Matthew 19:19
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Future Indicative: The Progressive Future
THE PROGRESSIVE FUTURE
(1) The Progressive Future affirms that an action will be in progress in future time.
Phil. 1:18; καὶ ἐν τούτῳ χαίρω ἀλλὰ καὶ χαρήσομαι, and therein I rejoice, yea, and will [continue to] rejoice. See also Rom. 6:2; Phil. 1:6; Rev. 9:6.
(2) It may be doubted whether any of the distinctions indicated by the subdivisions of the Predictive Future are justified from the point of view of pure grammar. It is probable, rather, that the tense in all these cases makes precisely the same affirmation respecting the event, viz, that it will take place; and that it is the context only that conveys the distinctions referred to.… Learn Koine Greek
Posted in Grammar
Tagged Deliberative Future, Future Indicative, Gnomic Future, Imperative Future, Progressive Future, χρηματίσει
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