Tag Archives: σκληρός

The adjectives σκληρός and αὐστηρός both describe severity or inflexibility in the Greek New Testament, but they differ in tone, nuance, and context. One expresses inner harshness or moral hardness, while the other describes outward sternness and rigidity. This article explores the lexical roots, occurrences, and theological implications of both words as used in Scripture.

Lexical Definitions and Origins σκληρός – From the root meaning “dry,” “hard,” or “tough.” It refers to physical hardness or, metaphorically, inflexible or unyielding character. It can imply harshness, cruelty, or resistance to truth. αὐστηρός – Derived from a root meaning “rough” or “harsh to the taste” (like unripe fruit or strong wine).… Learn Koine Greek