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Greek Lessons
- The Word Was with God: A Grammatical Journey from John 1:1
- Teaching, Preaching, Healing: The Triple Ministry in Matthew 4:23
- Greek Grammatical and Syntactic Analysis of Luke 4:22
- The Grammar of Greeting: Sanctified Salutations in Philippians 4:21
- Stumbling Blocks and Subjunctives: Volitional Grammar in 1 Corinthians 8:13
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Category Archives: Grammar
Like Nonsense: Grammatical Dismissal and Resurrection Doubt in Luke 24:11
Words Dismissed: Literary and Theological Context of Luke 24:11 Luke 24:11 — καὶ ἐφάνησαν ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν ὡσεὶ λῆρος τὰ ῥήματα αὐτῶν, καὶ ἠπίστουν αὐταῖς. (“And their words appeared to them as nonsense, and they did Study more …..
Understanding NT Greek Particles: Their Functions and Uses
Greek particles are an essential part of understanding New Testament Greek, as they modify or add nuance to sentences. Particles in Koine Greek often lack a direct English translation because they perform a variety of subtle grammatical and rhetorical functions. … Continue reading
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Grammatical Harmony: Imperatives and Unity in 2 Corinthians 13:11
Λοιπόν, ἀδελφοί, χαίρετε, καταρτίζεσθε, παρακαλεῖσθε, τὸ αὐτὸ φρονεῖτε, εἰρηνεύετε, καὶ ὁ Θεὸς τῆς ἀγάπης καὶ εἰρήνης ἔσται μεθ’ ὑμῶν. — 2 Corinthians 13:11 The Grammar Study more …..
Judicial Inquiry and Conditional Form in Acts 7:1: Syntax and Rhetorical Structure in the Opening of Stephen’s Defense
Εἶπε δὲ ὁ ἀρχιερεύς· εἰ ἄρα ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχει; Main Narrative Verb and Speaker Identification: Εἶπε δὲ ὁ ἀρχιερεύς Εἶπε: Aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular of λέγω, “he said.” Aorist marks a completed Study more …..
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Greek Grammar Lesson from Galatians 6:17
Galatians 6:17 Τοῦ λοιποῦ κόπους μοι μηδεὶς παρεχέτω· ἐγὼ γὰρ τὰ στίγματα τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῷ σώματί μου βαστάζω. Focus Topic: The Genitive Absolute and Possessive Genitive with Emphasis on Identity This Study more …..
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Tagged Galatians 6:17, genitive absolute, possessive genitive, βαστάζω
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When Heaven Gave Rain: Aorist Verbs and the Power of Prayer in James 5:18
καὶ πάλιν προσηύξατο, καὶ ὁ οὐρανὸς ὑετὸν ἔδωκε καὶ ἡ γῆ ἐβλάστησε τὸν καρπὸν αὐτῆς. — James 5:18 The Aorist and the Answered Prayer In this verse, James concludes his illustration of the prophet Elijah’s powerful Study more …..
Greek Grammar and Syntax Analysis of Luke 24:53
καὶ ἦσαν διὰ παντὸς ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, αἰνοῦντες καὶ εὐλογοῦντες τὸν Θεόν. Sentence Structure and Clausal Composition The verse Luke 24:53 is the final sentence of the Gospel of Luke and contains a rich interplay of Greek participial syntax Study … Continue reading
“οὔπω ἥκει ἡ ὥρα μου”: The Perfect Tense of Divine Timing in John 2:4
Introduction: Not Yet, But Coming In response to Mary’s implied request, Yeshuʿ continues: οὔπω ἥκει ἡ ὥρα μου — “My hour has not yet come.” This sentence is the first of many references in John’s Gospel to “the hour”—a recurring symbol … Continue reading
“τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί, γύναι;”: The Dative-Dative Idiom of Divine Priority in John 2:4
Introduction: What Is This Between Us? At the Cana wedding, Mary informs Yeshuʿ that the wine has run out. His enigmatic response begins with the phrase: τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί, γύναι; Literally, “What to me and to you, woman?” This construction, … Continue reading
“ἦν… ἐκεῖ”: The Imperfect Tense of Presence in John 2:1
Introduction: The Mother Was There The clause καὶ ἦν ἡ μήτηρ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐκεῖ appears understated, yet its grammatical structure offers insightful narrative and theological signals. The use of ἦν {ēn}, the imperfect tense of εἰμί, and the adverb ἐκεῖ … Continue reading
From Temple to Teaching: Grammatical Movement and Eschatological Signaling in Matthew 24:1
Turning from the Temple: Narrative and Theological Context of Matthew 24:1 Matthew 24:1 — Καὶ ἐξελθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐπορεύετο ἀπὸ τοῦ ἱεροῦ· καὶ προσῆλθον οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἐπιδεῖξαι αὐτῷ τὰς οἰκοδομὰς Study more …..
The Mark That Restricts: Economic Control in Revelation 13:17
καὶ ἵνα μή τις δύνηται ἀγοράσαι ἢ πωλῆσαι εἰ μὴ ὁ ἔχων τὸ χάραγμα, τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ θηρίου ἢ τὸν ἀριθμὸν τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ Revelation 13:17 describes an oppressive system in which participation Study more …..
A Comprehensive Guide to NT Greek Particles by Frequency
Understanding the role of particles in NT Greek is vital for anyone studying the New Testament. Recognizing how these small words function can significantly enhance comprehension and interpretation of the text. As students become familiar with the various particles, they … Continue reading
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Laid at the Apostles’ Feet: Generosity in Acts 4:37
The Verse in Focus (Acts 4:37) ὑπάρχοντος αὐτῷ ἀγροῦ, πωλήσας ἤνεγκε τὸ χρῆμα καὶ ἔθηκε παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων ὑπάρχοντος αὐτῷ ἀγροῦ: Possession Stated This participial phrase Study more …..
Pauline Benediction and Gracious Presence in Philippians 4:23: Syntax, Word Order, and Communal Emphasis
Ἡ χάρις τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν· ἀμήν. Nominative Subject and Theological Center: Ἡ χάρις – Ἡ: Definite article, nominative singular feminine—”the.” – χάρις: Nominative singular feminine noun—”grace.” – Study more …..
Religious Display and Externalism in Matthew 23:5: Purpose Clauses and Public Performance in Greek Syntax
πάντα δὲ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν ποιοῦσι πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις, πλατύνουσι γὰρ τὰ φυλακτήρια αὐτῶν καὶ μεγαλύνουσι τὰ κράσπεδα τῶν ἰματίων αὐτῶν, Main Study more …..
Hypocrisy and Legal Burden in Matthew 23:4: Coordinated Verbs, Contrastive Dative, and Accusation through Syntax
δεσμεύουσιν γὰρ φορτία βαρέα καὶ ἐπιτιθέασιν ἐπὶ τοὺς ὤμους τῶν ἀνθρώπων, τῷ δὲ δακτύλῳ αὐτῶν οὐ θέλουσι κινῆσαι αὐτά. Introduction with Causal Particle and Present Verbs: δεσμεύουσιν Study more …..
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Say but Do Not Do: Grammatical Structure and Ethical Critique in Matthew 23:3
Instruction and Inconsistency: Literary and Theological Context of Matthew 23:3 Matthew 23:3 — πάντα οὖν ὅσα ἐὰν εἴπωσιν ὑμῖν τηρεῖν, τηρεῖτε καὶ ποιεῖτε, κατὰ δὲ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν μὴ ποιεῖτε· λέγουσι Study more …..
Greek Grammar Lesson from Philippians 2:25
Philippians 2:25 Ἀναγκαῖον δὲ ἡγησάμην Ἐπαφρόδιτον τὸν ἀδελφὸν καὶ συνεργὸν καὶ συστρατιώτην μου, ὑμῶν δὲ ἀπόστολον καὶ λειτουργὸν τῆς χρείας μου, πέμψαι πρὸς Study more …..
Then He Spoke: Aorist and Dative Direction in Matthew 23:1
Τότε ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐλάλησε τοῖς ὄχλοις καὶ τοῖς μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ — Matthew 23:1 The Moment Before the Rebuke Matthew 23 begins with a formal and significant transition. The use of Τότε (“then”) marks a shift in narrative time and tone, … Continue reading
