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Greek Lessons
- The Name Revealed and the Fear It Stirred: Herod’s Misjudgment in Mark 6:14
- The Measure of Recompense: Grammatical Nuance in 2 Corinthians 6:13
- Outward Show, Inward Fear: Purpose and Pressure in Galatians 6:12
- Bread for the Journey: The Grammar of Dependency in Matthew 6:11
- To Shine Without Boasting: The Subjunctive Mood and the Glory of the Father in Matthew 5:16
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Category Archives: Grammar
Choked by Thorns: Fruitlessness in Mark 4:7
καὶ ἄλλο ἔπεσεν εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας, καὶ ἀνέβησαν αἱ ἄκανθαι καὶ συνέπνιξαν αὐτό, καὶ καρπὸν οὐκ ἔδωκεν Mark 4:7 continues the Parable of the Sower, presenting a scene of slow suffocation. Unlike the seed Study more …..
“οὐ γὰρ ἐκάλεσεν ἡμᾶς ὁ Θεὸς ἐπὶ ἀκαθαρσίᾳ, ἀλλ’ ἐν ἁγιασμῷ”: Called to Holiness, Not Impurity (1 Thessalonians 4:7)
Introduction: The Nature of the Call Paul admonishes the Thessalonians regarding sexual purity and sanctification. In verse 7, he anchors his ethical exhortation in the theology of divine calling: οὐ γὰρ ἐκάλεσεν ἡμᾶς ὁ Θεὸς ἐπὶ ἀκαθαρσίᾳ, ἀλλ’ Study more … Continue reading
Priestly Lineage and Named Authority in Acts 4:6: Apposition, Lists, and Genitive Identification in Narrative Greek
καὶ Ἅνναν τὸν ἀρχιερέα καὶ Καϊάφαν καὶ Ἰωάννην καὶ Ἀλέξανδρον καὶ ὅσοι ἦσαν ἐκ γένους ἀρχιερατικοῦ, Coordinated Proper Nouns and Appositional Structure καὶ: Coordinating conjunction—”and.” Study more …..
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Divine Speech and Illuminated Hearts in 2 Corinthians 4:6: Participles, Prepositions, and the Revelation of God’s Glory in Christ
ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς ὁ εἰπὼν ἐκ σκότους φῶς λάμψαι, ὃς ἔλαμψεν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν πρὸς φωτισμὸν τῆς γνώσεως τῆς δόξης τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐν προσώπῳ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ. Causal Study more …..
The Shallow Ground: Quick Growth, No Root in Mark 4:5
καὶ ἄλλο ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ τὸ πετρῶδες, ὅπου οὐκ εἶχε γῆν πολλήν, καὶ εὐθέως ἐξανέτειλε διὰ τὸ μὴ ἔχειν βάθος γῆς Mark 4:5 continues the Parable of the Sower with a new scene—this time not the hard Study more …..
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A Glimpse of Power: The Devil’s Offer in Luke 4:5
Καὶ ἀναγαγὼν αὐτὸν ὁ διάβολος εἰς ὄρος ὑψηλὸν ἔδειξεν αὐτῷ πάσας τὰς βασιλείας τῆς οἰκουμένης ἐν στιγμῇ χρόνου This verse sets the stage for the second temptation in the wilderness. The Study more …..
The Seed on the Path: Structure and Symbolism in Mark 4:4
καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ σπείρειν ὃ μὲν ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ τὴν ὁδόν, καὶ ἦλθον τὰ πετεινὰ καὶ κατέφαγεν αὐτό This verse belongs to Mark’s version of the Parable of the Sower (Mark 4:4), not Luke’s. The Greek delivers Study more …..
God Rested on the Seventh: Echoes of Genesis in Hebrews 4:4
εἴρηκε γάρ που περὶ τῆς ἑβδόμης οὕτω· καὶ κατέπαυσεν ὁ Θεὸς ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἔργων αὐτοῦ Hebrews 4:4 quotes Genesis with theological intent. It’s not just repetition—it’s Study more …..
Judgment of the Rebels: Grammar and Imagery in Jude 6
ἀγγέλους τε τοὺς μὴ τηρήσαντας τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἀρχὴν, ἀλλὰ ἀπολιπόντας τὸ ἴδιον οἰκητήριον εἰς κρίσιν μεγάλης ἡμέρας δεσμοῖς ἀϊδίοις ὑπὸ ζόφον τετήρηκεν Jude Study more …..
Bondage Before Adoption: A Grammatical and Theological Study of Galatians 4:3
Introduction Galatians 4:3 — οὕτω καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι, ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἦμεν δεδουλωμένοι· (“So also we, when we were children, were enslaved under the elemental things of the world.”) This verse Study more …..
Found Faithful: Divine Expectations and Grammatical Precision in 1 Corinthians 4:2
Faithfulness as a Steward’s Mark: Literary and Theological Context of 1 Corinthians 4:2 1 Corinthians 4:2 — ὃ δὲ λοιπὸν ζητεῖται ἐν τοῖς οἰκονόμοις, ἵνα πιστός τις εὑρεθῇ. (“Moreover, what is required in stewards is that one be found Study … Continue reading
Authority Through the Lord: A Grammatical and Theological Study of 1 Thessalonians 4:2
Introduction 1 Thessalonians 4:2 — οἴδατε γὰρ τίνας παραγγελίας ἐδώκαμεν ὑμῖν διὰ τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ. (“For you know what instructions we gave you through the Lord Jesus.”) This verse belongs to the paraenetic section of 1 Thessalonians, Study more …..
Dislocation and Apposition: Royal Titling in Biblical Hebrew
Introduction to 1 Kings 4:1 This verse formally introduces the reign of King Shelomoh (Solomon) with a syntactically simple but rhetorically rich construction. The structure features a dislocated subject and appositional noun phrases, which combine to create a solemn and … Continue reading
Driven by the Spirit: The Temptation Prelude in Matthew 4:1
Τότε ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀνήχθη εἰς τὴν ἔρημον ὑπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματος, πειρασθῆναι ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου Matthew 4:1 opens the temptation narrative not with confrontation, but with movement—Jesus is led up into the wilderness. The grammar Study more …..
You Call Me Teacher and Lord: Identity Affirmed in John 13:13
The Verse in Focus (John 13:13) ὑμεῖς φωνεῖτέ με, ὁ διδάσκαλος καὶ ὁ κύριος, καὶ καλῶς λέγετε· εἰμὶ γάρ ὑμεῖς φωνεῖτέ με: Personal Address and Present Action The subject ὑμεῖς (“you”) is emphatic, Study more …..
A Life According to the Strictest Sect: Identity in Acts 26:5
Acts 26:5 προγινώσκοντές με ἄνωθεν, ἐὰν θέλωσι μαρτυρεῖν, ὅτι κατὰ τὴν ἀκριβεστάτην αἵρεσιν τῆς ἡμετέρας θρησκείας ἔζησα Φαρισαῖος προγινώσκοντές με ἄνωθεν: Study more …..
First of All: The Grammar of Intercession in 1 Timothy 2:1
1 Timothy 2:1 Παρακαλῶ οὖν πρῶτον πάντων ποιεῖσθαι δεήσεις, προσευχάς, ἐντεύξεις, εὐχαριστίας, ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀνθρώπων Παρακαλῶ οὖν: A Pastoral Urging The verb Παρακαλῶ is the present Study more …..
The Grammar of Humility: Jesus’ Arrival in Matthew 3:13
Τότε παραγίνεται ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰορδάνην πρὸς τὸν Ἰωάννην τοῦ βαπτισθῆναι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ Matthew’s language is quiet but deliberate. Jesus doesn’t declare, explain, or teach Study more …..
“μνείαν σου ποιούμενος ἐπὶ τῶν προσευχῶν μου”: Participial Thanksgiving and Remembrance in Philemon 4
Introduction: Gratitude in the Form of Prayer Paul opens his letter to Philemon with this tender line: Εὐχαριστῶ τῷ Θεῷ μου πάντοτε μνείαν σου ποιούμενος ἐπὶ τῶν προσευχῶν μου “I thank my God always, making mention of you Study more … Continue reading
Greek Grammar Lesson from Luke 2:15
Verse in Greek Καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς ἀπῆλθον ἀπ’ αὐτῶν εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν οἱ ἄγγελοι, καὶ οἱ ἄνθρωποι οἱ ποιμένες εἶπον πρὸς ἀλλήλους· Διέλθωμεν δὴ ἕως Βηθλέεμ καὶ ἴδωμεν Study more …..
