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Greek Lessons
- Blessed Are the Peacemakers: Divine Sonship and Reconciliation in Matthew 5:9
- Worse Than an Unbeliever: Conditional Grammar and Denied Faith
- When Darkness Cries Out: The Fear of Holiness in Mark 5:7
- Nets at the Breaking Point: Obedience and Overflow in Luke 5:6
- The Future Passive and the Inheritance of the Earth
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Category
Category Archives: Theology
Rest Yet to Come: Conditional Logic and Eschatological Rest in Hebrews 4:8
If Jesus Gave Them Rest: Literary and Theological Context of Hebrews 4:8 Hebrews 4:8 — εἰ γὰρ αὐτοὺς Ἰησοῦς κατέπαυσεν, οὐκ ἂν περὶ ἄλλης ἐλάλει μετὰ ταῦτα ἡμέρας· (“For if Joshua had given them rest, then he would Study more … Continue reading
Choked by Thorns: Fruitlessness in Mark 4:7
καὶ ἄλλο ἔπεσεν εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας, καὶ ἀνέβησαν αἱ ἄκανθαι καὶ συνέπνιξαν αὐτό, καὶ καρπὸν οὐκ ἔδωκεν Mark 4:7 continues the Parable of the Sower, presenting a scene of slow suffocation. Unlike the seed Study more …..
Divine Speech and Illuminated Hearts in 2 Corinthians 4:6: Participles, Prepositions, and the Revelation of God’s Glory in Christ
ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς ὁ εἰπὼν ἐκ σκότους φῶς λάμψαι, ὃς ἔλαμψεν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν πρὸς φωτισμὸν τῆς γνώσεως τῆς δόξης τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐν προσώπῳ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ. Causal Study more …..
The Shallow Ground: Quick Growth, No Root in Mark 4:5
καὶ ἄλλο ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ τὸ πετρῶδες, ὅπου οὐκ εἶχε γῆν πολλήν, καὶ εὐθέως ἐξανέτειλε διὰ τὸ μὴ ἔχειν βάθος γῆς Mark 4:5 continues the Parable of the Sower with a new scene—this time not the hard Study more …..
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A Glimpse of Power: The Devil’s Offer in Luke 4:5
Καὶ ἀναγαγὼν αὐτὸν ὁ διάβολος εἰς ὄρος ὑψηλὸν ἔδειξεν αὐτῷ πάσας τὰς βασιλείας τῆς οἰκουμένης ἐν στιγμῇ χρόνου This verse sets the stage for the second temptation in the wilderness. The Study more …..
God Rested on the Seventh: Echoes of Genesis in Hebrews 4:4
εἴρηκε γάρ που περὶ τῆς ἑβδόμης οὕτω· καὶ κατέπαυσεν ὁ Θεὸς ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἔργων αὐτοῦ Hebrews 4:4 quotes Genesis with theological intent. It’s not just repetition—it’s Study more …..
Bondage Before Adoption: A Grammatical and Theological Study of Galatians 4:3
Introduction Galatians 4:3 — οὕτω καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι, ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἦμεν δεδουλωμένοι· (“So also we, when we were children, were enslaved under the elemental things of the world.”) This verse Study more …..
Found Faithful: Divine Expectations and Grammatical Precision in 1 Corinthians 4:2
Faithfulness as a Steward’s Mark: Literary and Theological Context of 1 Corinthians 4:2 1 Corinthians 4:2 — ὃ δὲ λοιπὸν ζητεῖται ἐν τοῖς οἰκονόμοις, ἵνα πιστός τις εὑρεθῇ. (“Moreover, what is required in stewards is that one be found Study … Continue reading
Authority Through the Lord: A Grammatical and Theological Study of 1 Thessalonians 4:2
Introduction 1 Thessalonians 4:2 — οἴδατε γὰρ τίνας παραγγελίας ἐδώκαμεν ὑμῖν διὰ τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ. (“For you know what instructions we gave you through the Lord Jesus.”) This verse belongs to the paraenetic section of 1 Thessalonians, Study more …..
The Grammar of Humility: Jesus’ Arrival in Matthew 3:13
Τότε παραγίνεται ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰορδάνην πρὸς τὸν Ἰωάννην τοῦ βαπτισθῆναι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ Matthew’s language is quiet but deliberate. Jesus doesn’t declare, explain, or teach Study more …..
“ἵνα φάγωσιν οὗτοι”: Purpose Clause and Aorist Subjunctive in John 6:5
Introduction: Bread for the Multitude John 6:5 introduces the setting for the feeding of the 5,000. Jesus looks up and sees the crowd approaching: Ἐπάρας οὖν ὁ Ἰησοῦς τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς, καὶ θεασάμενος ὅτι πολὺς ὄχλος ἔρχεται Study more …..
“τοῦ Ἰωανάν, τοῦ Ῥησά…”: Patronymic Genitives and Ellipsis in Luke 3:27
Introduction: A Lineage Without Verbs In Luke 3:23–38, the evangelist presents the genealogy of Jesus in reverse, going from Jesus all the way back to Adam. Each generation is presented in a minimalist formula: τοῦ [Name] — “of [Name]” Our … Continue reading
“ἐγένετο” as Divine Narrative Marker: The Aorist Middle in John 2:1
Introduction: The Beginning of Signs John 2:1 begins with an event introduction: “Καὶ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ τρίτῃ γάμος ἐγένετο”—“And on the third day there was a wedding.” The seemingly ordinary statement hinges on the verb ἐγένετο {egeneto}, an aorist middle … Continue reading
Divine Intention and Participial Purpose in Matthew 3:13: A Greek Grammatical and Theological Analysis
Τότε παραγίνεται ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰορδάνην πρὸς τὸν Ἰωάννην τοῦ βαπτισθῆναι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ. Introduction Matthew 3:13 introduces the solemn moment when ὁ Ἰησοῦς voluntarily Study more …..
“Ἰδόντες”: Aorist Participle of Perception and Fulfillment in Matthew 2:10
Introduction: The Joy of Seeing Matthew 2:10 opens with a participle of perception—ἰδόντες {idontes}, from ὁράω, “to see.” The clause reads: “Ἰδόντες δὲ τὸν ἀστέρα ἐχάρησαν χαρὰν μεγάλην σφόδρα” —“And when they saw the star, Study more …..
Synonyms: Divine Essence and Nature in the Greek New Testament: θεότης and θειότης
Among the many nuanced terms used to describe the divine in the Greek New Testament, θεότης and θειότης stand out for their subtle distinctions and theological depth. Both derive from the root θεός (“God”), yet their forms and usages convey … Continue reading
The Transition from Prophetic Arrest to Messianic Proclamation in Mark 1:14: Greek Syntax and Eschatological Messaging
Μετὰ δὲ τὸ παραδοθῆναι τὸν Ἰωάννην, ἦλθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν, κηρύσσων τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ· Introduction Mark 1:14 initiates a major transition in the Gospel narrative. Study more …..
The Literary Ambition of ἀνατάξασθαι: Aorist Middle Infinitive in Luke 1:1
Introduction: Historiography and the Greek Infinitive The Gospel of Luke opens not with theology or miracle, but with a polished historiographical prologue. The evangelist uses elevated Greek to establish credibility and intent. Central to this literary self-positioning is the verb … Continue reading
“τίς με κατέστησε δικαστὴν ἢ μεριστὴν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς;”: Appointed Authority and Predicate Accusatives in Luke 12:14
Introduction: Who Made Me Judge Over You? Jesus responds to a man seeking arbitration over an inheritance: Ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ· ἄνθρωπε, τίς με κατέστησε δικαστὴν ἢ μεριστὴν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς; “But he said to him, ‘Man, who appointed Study more … Continue reading
Like Nonsense: Grammatical Dismissal and Resurrection Doubt in Luke 24:11
Words Dismissed: Literary and Theological Context of Luke 24:11 Luke 24:11 — καὶ ἐφάνησαν ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν ὡσεὶ λῆρος τὰ ῥήματα αὐτῶν, καὶ ἠπίστουν αὐταῖς. (“And their words appeared to them as nonsense, and they did Study more …..
