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Greek Lessons
- You Are the Light: Visibility and Vocation in Matthew 5:14
- Before the Law: The Logic of Sin in Romans 5:13
- The Optative Mood and Supplication: A Grammar of Hope in Luke 5:12
- Subjunctive Chains in Koine Greek: Coordinated Volition and Unfolding Persecution in Matthew 5:11
- Before the Judgment Seat: Greek Grammar in Eschatological Clarity
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Category
Before and After: Greek Grammar in the Judgment of Sins
This verse from 1 Timothy reflects Paul’s pastoral wisdom regarding the visibility and timing of human sin: Τινῶν ἀνθρώπων αἱ ἁμαρτίαι πρόδηλοί εἰσι, προάγουσαι εἰς κρίσιν, τισὶ δὲ καὶ ἐπακολουθοῦσιν from Study more .....
Greek Grammar and Syntax Analysis of Luke 24:53
καὶ ἦσαν διὰ παντὸς ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, αἰνοῦντες καὶ εὐλογοῦντες τὸν Θεόν.
Sentence Structure and Clausal Composition
The verse Luke 24:53 is the final sentence of the Gospel of Luke and contains a rich interplay of Greek participial syntax Study more .....
Entrusting the Soul: The Hermeneutics of Suffering in 1 Peter 4:19
1 Peter 4:19 concludes a major section on Christian suffering (4:12–19). The verse is not just a summary but a pastoral exhortation couched in theological maturity. Peter speaks to those undergoing trials, giving them both ethical instruction and theological orientation. The verse pivots from explanation Study more .....
The εἰ μὴ Exception: When Greek Negation Honors the Prophet
In ἔλεγε δὲ αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς ὅτι οὐκ ἔστι προφήτης ἄτιμος εἰ μὴ ἐν τῇ πατρίδι αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν τοῖς συγγενέσι καὶ ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦ (Mark 6:4), Jesus utters a maxim so ironic it Study more .....
Revelation 4:4 and the Symbolic Grammar of Glory
Revelation 4:4
καὶ κυκλόθεν τοῦ θρόνου θρόνοι εἴκοσι τέσσαρες, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς θρόνους τοὺς εἴκοσι τέσσαρας πρεσβυτέρους καθημένους, περιβεβλημένους ἐν ἱματίοις Study more .....
Posted in Ancient Greek
Tagged accusative plural participle, Revelation 4:4, καθημένους, στεφάνους
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Judged Already: The Greek Grammar of Belief and Condemnation in John 3:18
Literary Context
The verse ὁ πιστεύων εἰς αὐτὸν οὐ κρίνεται· ὁ δὲ μὴ πιστεύων ἤδη κέκριται, ὅτι μὴ πεπίστευκεν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ μονογενοῦς υἱοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ (John 3:18) sits within Study more .....
Heaven’s Council and Crowns: A Greek Look at Revelation 4:4
Revelation 4:4
καὶ κυκλόθεν τοῦ θρόνου θρόνοι εἴκοσι τέσσαρες, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς θρόνους τοὺς εἴκοσι τέσσαρας πρεσβυτέρους καθημένους, περιβεβλημένους ἐν ἱματίοις Study more .....
“οὔπω ἥκει ἡ ὥρα μου”: The Perfect Tense of Divine Timing in John 2:4
Introduction: Not Yet, But Coming
In response to Mary’s implied request, Yeshuʿ continues:
οὔπω ἥκει ἡ ὥρα μου —
“My hour has not yet come.”
This sentence is the first of many references in John’s Gospel to “the hour”—a recurring symbol for the divinely appointed Study more .....
“τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί, γύναι;”: The Dative-Dative Idiom of Divine Priority in John 2:4
Introduction: What Is This Between Us?
At the Cana wedding, Mary informs Yeshuʿ that the wine has run out. His enigmatic response begins with the phrase:
τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί, γύναι;
Literally, “What to me and to you, woman?”
This construction, grammatically known as a dative-dative Study more .....
“ἦν… ἐκεῖ”: The Imperfect Tense of Presence in John 2:1
Introduction: The Mother Was There
The clause καὶ ἦν ἡ μήτηρ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐκεῖ appears understated, yet its grammatical structure offers insightful narrative and theological signals. The use of ἦν {ēn}, the imperfect tense of εἰμί, and the adverb ἐκεῖ {ekeī}, Study more .....
Born of God: The Prepositional Theology of John 1:13
Literary Context
The verse οἳ οὐκ ἐξ αἱμάτων, οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος σαρκὸς, οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος ἀνδρὸς, ἀλλ’ ἐκ Θεοῦ ἐγεννήθησαν (John 1:13) serves as the culminating line in a sequence beginning in John 1:12, Study more .....
Faith in Action: Grammar Illuminated in Philemon 6
Philemon 6
ὅπως ἡ κοινωνία τῆς πίστεώς σου ἐνεργὴς γένηται ἐν ἐπιγνώσει παντὸς ἀγαθοῦ τοῦ ἐν ἡμῖν εἰς Χριστόν Ἰησοῦν.
Modern Greek Pronunciation: hópōs i koinōnía ti̱s písteōs sou energí̱s Study more .....
From Temple to Teaching: Grammatical Movement and Eschatological Signaling in Matthew 24:1
Turning from the Temple: Narrative and Theological Context of Matthew 24:1
Matthew 24:1 — Καὶ ἐξελθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐπορεύετο ἀπὸ τοῦ ἱεροῦ· καὶ προσῆλθον οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἐπιδεῖξαι αὐτῷ τὰς οἰκοδομὰς Study more .....
Clarity in the Coming Age: A Greek Look at 1 Corinthians 13:12
1 Corinthians 13:12
βλέπομεν γὰρ ἄρτι δι’ ἐσόπτρου ἐν αἰνίγματι, τότε δὲ πρόσωπον πρὸς πρόσωπον· ἄρτι γινώσκω ἐκ μέρους, τότε δὲ ἐπιγνώσομαι καθὼς καὶ ἐπεγνώσθην.
For Study more .....
The Mark That Restricts: Economic Control in Revelation 13:17
καὶ ἵνα μή τις δύνηται ἀγοράσαι ἢ πωλῆσαι εἰ μὴ ὁ ἔχων τὸ χάραγμα, τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ θηρίου ἢ τὸν ἀριθμὸν τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ
Revelation 13:17 describes an oppressive system in which participation Study more .....
A Comprehensive Guide to NT Greek Particles by Frequency
Understanding the role of particles in NT Greek is vital for anyone studying the New Testament. Recognizing how these small words function can significantly enhance comprehension and interpretation of the text. As students become familiar with the various particles, they will be better equipped to appreciate Study more .....
Posted in Grammar
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Laid at the Apostles’ Feet: Generosity in Acts 4:37
The Verse in Focus (Acts 4:37)
ὑπάρχοντος αὐτῷ ἀγροῦ, πωλήσας ἤνεγκε τὸ χρῆμα καὶ ἔθηκε παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τῶν ἀποστόλων
ὑπάρχοντος αὐτῷ ἀγροῦ: Possession Stated
This participial phrase Study more .....
Doctrinal Divide: Resurrection and Angels in Acts 23:8
Σαδδουκαῖοι μὲν γὰρ λέγουσι μὴ εἶναι ἀνάστασιν μήτε ἄγγελον μήτε πνεῦμα, Φαρισαῖοι δὲ ὁμολογοῦσι τὰ ἀμφότερα
Acts 23:8 provides a succinct summary of the theological differences between the Study more .....
No More Curse: A Greek Look at Revelation 22:3
Revelation 22:3
καὶ πᾶν κατάθεμα οὐκ ἔσται ἔτι· καὶ ὁ θρόνος τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἀρνίου ἐν αὐτῇ ἔσται, καὶ οἱ δοῦλοι αὐτοῦ λατρεύσουσιν αὐτῷ
And there will no longer be any curse; Study more .....
Posted in Ancient Greek
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Keeping the Words: A Grammar Window into Revelation 22:7
Revelation 22:7
καὶ ἰδοὺ ἔρχομαι ταχύ. μακάριος ὁ τηρῶν τοὺς λόγους τῆς προφητείας τοῦ βιβλίου τούτου.
Modern Greek Pronunciation: kai idou érchomai tachý. makários o ti̱rṓn tous lógous ti̱s profi̱teías Study more .....
