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Greek Lessons
- “οὐκ ἔλαβον μεθ’ ἑαυτῶν ἔλαιον”: Aorist Negation and Reflexive Emphasis in Matthew 25:3
- “λαβοῦσαι τὰς λαμπάδας αὐτῶν”: Aorist Participial Sequence in Matthew 25:3
- “Αἵτινες μωραὶ…”: Indefinite Relative Classification in Matthew 25:3
- “ἐγένετο” as Divine Narrative Marker: The Aorist Middle in John 2:1
- “γέγραπται” as Scriptural Formula: The Perfect Passive Indicative in Mark 1:2
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Category
The Cases (Πτοσεις)
There are five cases in New Testament Greek that you should remember by heart:
(1) nominative (case of the subject)
(2) genitive (or possessive)
(3) dative (conjunctive)
(4) accusative (case of the object)
(5) vocative (used in direct address).
Τhe nominative is the case of the subject. "A Study more .....
Nouns
Nouns in Greek have three genders:
(i) masculine
(ii) feminine
(iii) neuter
Greek Vowel
Vowels
There are seven vowels in Greek:
(1) α
(2) ε
(3) η
(4) ι
(5) ο
(6) υ
(7) ω
Of these ε and ο are always short, and take about half the time to pronounce as η and ω, which are always long.
A diphthong combines two vowels in one syllable. The second vowel is or ι Study more .....
Use of the Interrogative Pronoun τις
The pronoun τις is sometimes put for the relative; as in Latin qui and quis, and in English, who is both relative and interrogative. Examples,
(1) Where τις retains its interrogative meaning, and still must be rendered in Latin by quis or quod. E.g. Mat 20:22
Matthew 20:22
αποκριθεις Study more .....
Aramaic Style of the Greek New Testament
The national Aramaic or Hebrew element influenced Greek-writing Jewish authors of the Greek New Testament in a threefold manner:
(1) It is proable that the speaker or writer quite involuntarily and unconciously rendered a phrase by his mother tounge by an accurately corresponding phrase;
(2) The reading Study more .....
Codex Bezae Cantabrigensis
Codex Bezae Cantabrigensis is a 5th century A.D. codex of the New Testament that is written in an uncial hand on vellum. It is designated by siglum D or 05 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 5 (von Soden). The codex contains, in both Greek and Latin, most of the four Gospels and Acts, with a small Study more .....
Nomina Sacra
English
Greek Word
Nominative (Subject)
Genitive (Possessive)
God
Θεός
ΘΣ
ΘΥ
Lord
Κύριος
ΚΣ
ΚΥ
Jesus
Ἰησοῦς
ΙΣ
ΙΥ
Christ
Χριστὸς
ΧΣ
ΧΥ
Son
Υἱός
ΥΣ
ΥΥ
Spirit
Πνεῦμα
ΠΝΑ
ΠΝΣ
Father
Πατήρ
ΠΗΡ
ΠΡΣ
Saviour
Σωτὴρ
ΣΗΡ
ΣΡΣ
Heaven/Heavens
Οὐρανὸς
ΟΥΝΟΣ
ΟΥΝΟΥ
Man
Ἄνθρωπος
ΑΝΟΣ
ΑΝΟΥ
Israel
Ἰσραὴλ
ΙΗΛ
Study more .....
Indefinite Article
Greeks have no indefinite article. When they wish to designate an individual in a manner undefined, they make use of τις. This usage is fully adopted in the New Testament.
Codex Vaticanus
The Codex Vaticanus B 03 (Vaticanus Graecus 1209) is the oldest extant manuscript of the Greek Bible. The Codex has been stored in the Vatican Library since the 15th century, hence the name Codex Vaticanus. It is written on 759 leaves of vellum in uncial letters, and has been dated palaeographically Study more .....
Introduction To The New Testament Greek
The character of New Testament diction, although it is pretty definitely marked, was for a long mistaken, or was imperfectly and partially understood by biblical philologists. The reason for this was, the want of acquantaince with the character of the Greek language in its later periods, joined with Study more .....
αἴνεσις
αἴνεσις:
(1) praise,
(2) a thank offering
Part of Speech: noun feminine
Latin: laus
Syriac: ܫܒܚ
Hebrews 13:15
δι αυτου ουν αναφερωμεν θυσιαν αινεσεως διαπαντος τω θεω τουτεστιν καρπον χειλεων ομολογουντων Study more .....
αἱμοῤῥέω ; αἱμορροεῖν
αἱμοῤῥέω ; αἱμορροεῖν :
(1) to suffer from a flow of blood;
(2) to have a discharge of blood;
(3) to lose blood
Part of Speech: verb
Latin: sanguinis fluxum pati
Syriac: ܪܕܐ (flow) ; ܕܡ (blood)
Matthew 9:20
και ιδου γυνη αιμορροουσα Study more .....
Posted in Α
Tagged sanguinis fluxum pati, sanguinis fluxum patiebatur, αἱμοῤῥέω, αἱμορροεῖν, αιμορροουσα, ܕܡ, ܪܕܐ
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αἱματεκχυσία
αἱματεκχυσία:
(1) shedding of blood
Part of Speech: noun feminine
Latin: sanguinis effusio
Syriac: ܫܦܥ (shedding, pouring); ܕܡ (blood)
Hebrews 9:22
και σχεδον εν αιματι παντα καθαριζεται κατα τον νομον και χωρις αιματεκχυσιας Study more .....
Posted in Α
Tagged sanguinis effusio, sanguinis fusione, αἱματεκχυσία, αιματεκχυσιας, ܕܡ, ܫܦܥ
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αἷμα
αἷμα:
(1) blood
(a) of man or animals
(b) refers to the seat of life
(c) of those things that resemble blood, grape juice
(2) blood shed, to be shed by violence, slay, murder
Part of Speech: noun masculine
Latin: sanguis
Syriac: ܕܡ
Hebrews 9:7
εις δε την δευτεραν Study more .....
αἰδώς
αἰδώς:
(1) a sense of shame or honour, modesty, bashfulness, reverence, regard for others, respect
Part of Speech: noun feminine
Latin: verecundia
Syriac: ܚܡܨ (modesty, reverence, shamefastness)
1 Timothy 2:9
ωσαυτως και τας γυναικας εν καταστολη Study more .....
ἀΐ́διος
ἀΐ́διος:
(1) eternal, everlasting
Part of Speech: adjective
Latin:
(1) aeternus
(2) sempiternus
Syriac: ܥܠܡܐ (eternity, age, world)
Romans 1:20
τα γαρ αορατα αυτου απο κτισεως κοσμου τοις ποιημασιν νοουμενα καθοραται Study more .....
Posted in Α
Tagged aeternis, aeternus, sempiternus, αιδιοις, αιδιος, ἀΐ́διος, ܕ݁ܰܠܥܳܠܰܡ, ܥܠܡܐ
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αἰγιαλός
αἰγιαλός:
(1) the shore of the sea, the beach
Part of Speech: noun masculine
Latin: littus, litus
Syriac: ܣܦܪܐ (beach, seaside, shore)
Matthew 13:2
και συνηχθησαν προς αυτον οχλοι πολλοι ωστε αυτον εις το πλοιον εμβαντα Study more .....
αἴγειος
αἴγειος:
(1) of a goat, goatskin
Part of Speech: adjective
Latin: caprinus
Syriac: ܡܫܟ ܕܥܙܐ (skin of goat) - ܡܫܟ (skin, leather) ܥܙܐ (goat)
Hebrews 11:37
ελιθασθησαν επρισθησαν επειρασθησαν εν φονω μαχαιρας απεθανον Study more .....
ἄθωος
ἄθωος:
(1) not guilty, innocent, unpunished
Part of Speech: adjective
Latin: innocens
Syriac: ܙܟܐ (innocent, pure, victorious)
Matthew 27:4
λεγων ημαρτον παραδους αιμα αθωον οι δε ειπον τι προς ημας συ οψει
KJV
Saying, Study more .....
ἀθυμέω ; ἀθυμεῖν
ἀθυμέω ; ἀθυμεῖν:
(1) to be disheartened, dispirited, broken in spirit
Part of Speech: verb
Latin: pusillo animo fieri
Syriac: ܥܩ (discourage, grieve)
Colossians 3:21
οι πατερες μη ερεθιζετε τα τεκνα υμων ινα μη αθυμωσιν Study more .....
